CHELSA (Climatologies at high resolution for the earth’s land surface areas)高分辨率陆地表层气候学数据，分辨率30弧秒，约1km，是由瑞士联邦森林雪景观研究所（Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL）开发维护的全球降尺度气候数据。

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包含了众多的数据图层时间范围从末次盛冰期（the Last Glacial Maximum）至今，以及未来的几个场景。

和WorldClim、ERA5-LAND比较

优势

• 高分辨率，全球1km
• 包含一些特别的和植物生长有关的数据，例如gdd10数据为10℃以上的积温，这个积温数据我目前头一次见这种栅格的

劣势

• 和WordClim、ERA5-LAND数据相比，这套数据时间序列稍短一些，我大概看了一下月度数据，大部分从1981-2019年，没有ERA5-LAND更新快。
• 气候数据比如0度以上积温数据，是1981-2010年的多年均值，而不是时间序列，仅能反映空间分布趋势。

annual年度数据，climatologies气候数据是对应年份的均值，daily逐日，monthly逐月

数据下载

• 下载入口网址：https://chelsa-climate.org/downloads/

在这里提供了数据的下载入口，目前有两个版本的数据，2.1版和1.2版，两种数据都有数据文档，数据下载点击左侧小按钮，查看对应版本的数据技术文档点击右侧长按钮。

数据下载入口

下载方式

CHELSA数据提供了逐个下载，或者WGET批量下载的方式。

• 两种下载方法：

• • 左侧选择所需的数据，单个手动下载
  • 左侧批量选取数据，右侧获取WGET下载链接

数据下载界面

• WGET的使用：wget批量下载遥感影像 (opens new window)

不过我看了一下给出的WGET链接，和NOAA的不一样，这个直接是数据下载地址

WGET下载链接

这种情况下不用WGET其实也能下载。MOTRIX就可以，图形界面，比WGET写代码更适合普通用户。复制上面的链接，打开MOTIRX，下载就OK。

把上面WGET链接直接沾到MOTRIX里面就行

数据介绍

数据命名

CHELSA数据遵循以下命名方式：

CHELSA_[short_name]_[timeperiod]_[Version].tif

• short_name用来区别文件类型
• timeperiod时间
• Version版本

下载的几个实验数据的名字

第一版和第二版数据的差别

• 从ERA-Interim转换为ERA5作为强制数据；
• 版本2使用基于ERA5再分析大气温度的950和850hPa压力水平的温度递减率，而不是估计整个大气的温度递减率。
• 版本2对围绕日期线的降水使用改进的偏差校正。降水也使用 (Beck et al. 2020) 对系统测量误差进行了偏差校正。
• 所有变量都保存为整数，并在geotiff文件中嵌入给定的偏移量和比例

已经发布的数据

下面是已经发布的数据列表，可以根据shot_name从下载地址查找所需的数据。

注意：

• 单位unit，scale尺度和偏移offset

• • GDAL版本2.3及以上的软件可以自动读取偏移和尺度信息，如QGIS显示的就是真实结果
  • 在ArcGIS中无法识别，下面的数据有尺度和偏移的要乘以尺度和加上偏移才是真实值。

QGIS显示的是真实值，尺度转换和偏移后的

ArcGIS显示的结果未经尺度转换和偏移，需要自行转换后才可以得到真实值

shortname	longname	unit	scale	offset	explanation
bio1	mean annual air temperature	°C	0.1	-273.15	mean annual daily mean air temperatures averaged over 1 year
bio2	mean diurnal air temperature range	°C	0.1	0	mean diurnal range of temperatures averaged over 1 year
bio3	isothermality	°C	0.1	0	ratio of diurnal variation to annual variation in temperatures
bio4	temperature seasonality	°C	0.1	0	standard deviation of the monthly mean temperatures
bio5	mean daily maximum air temperature of the warmest month	°C	0.1	-273.15	The highest temperature of any monthly daily mean maximum temperature
bio6	mean daily minimum air temperature of the coldest month	°C	0.1	-273.15	The lowest temperature of any monthly daily mean maximum temperature
bio7	annual range of air temperature	°C	0.1	0	The difference between the Maximum Temperature of Warmest month and the Minimum Temperature of Coldest month
bio8	mean daily mean air temperatures of the wettest quarter	°C	0.1	-273.15	The wettest quarter of the year is determined (to the nearest month)
bio9	mean daily mean air temperatures of the driest quarter	°C	0.1	-273.15	The driest quarter of the year is determined (to the nearest month)
bio10	mean daily mean air temperatures of the warmest quarter	°C	0.1	-273.15	The warmest quarter of the year is determined (to the nearest month)
bio11	mean daily mean air temperatures of the coldest quarter	°C	0.1	-273.15	The coldest quarter of the year is determined (to the nearest month)
bio12	annual precipitation amount	kg m-2	0.1	0	Accumulated precipitation amount over 1 year
bio13	precipitation amount of the wettest month	kg m-2	0.1	0	The precipitation of the wettest month.
bio14	precipitation amount of the driest month	kg m-2	0.1	0	The precipitation of the driest month.
bio15	precipitation seasonality	kg m-2	0.1	0	The Coefficient of Variation is the standard deviation of the monthly precipitation estimates expressed as a percentage of the mean of those estimates (i.e. the annual mean)
bio16	mean monthly precipitation amount of the wettest quarter	kg m-2	0.1	0	The wettest quarter of the year is determined (to the nearest month)
bio17	mean monthly precipitation amount of the driest quarter	kg m-2	0.1	0	The driest quarter of the year is determined (to the nearest month)
bio18	mean monthly precipitation amount of the warmest quarter	kg m-2	0.1	0	The warmest quarter of the year is determined (to the nearest month)
bio19	mean monthly precipitation amount of the coldest quarter	kg m-2	0.1	0	The coldest quarter of the year is determined (to the nearest month)
gdgfgd0	First growing degree day above 0°C	julian day	–	–	First day of the year above 0°C
gdgfgd5	First growing degree day above 5°C	julian day	–	–	First day of the year above 5°C
gdgfgd10	First growing degree day above 10°C	julian day	–	–	First day of the year above 10°C
fcf	Frost change frequency	count	–	–	Number of events in which tmin or tmax go above, or below 0°C
gdd0	Growing degree days heat sum above 0°C	°C	0.1	0	heat sum of all days above the 0°C temperature accumulated over 1 year.
gdd5	Growing degree days heat sum above 5°C	°C	0.1	0	heat sum of all days above the 5°C temperature accumulated over 1 year.
gdd10	Growing degree days heat sum above 10°C	°C	0.1	0	heat sum of all days above the 10°C temperature accumulated over 1 year.
gddlgd0	Last growing degree day above 0°C	julian day	–	–	Last day of the year above 0°C
gddlgd5	Last growing degree day above 5°C	julian day	–	–	Last day of the year above 5°C
gddlgd10	Last growing degree day above 10°C	julian day	–	–	Last day of the year above 10°C
gsl	growing season length TREELIM	number of days	–	–	Length of the growing season
gsp	Accumulated precipiation amount on growing season days TREELIM	kg m-2	0.1	0	precipitation sum accumulated on all days during the growing season based on TREELIM (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00035-014-0124-0)
gst	Mean temperature of the growing season TREELIM	°C	0.1	-273.15	Mean temperature of all growing season days based on TREELIM (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00035-014-0124-0)
lgd	last day of the growing season TREELIM	julian day	–	–	Last day of the growing season according to TREELIM (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00035-014-0124-0)
fgd	first day of the growing season TREELIM	julian day	–	–	first day of the growing season according to TREELIM (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00035-014-0124-0)
ngd0	Number of growing degree days	number of days	–	–	Number of days at which tas > 0°C
ngd5	Number of growing degree days	number of days	–	–	Number of days at which tas > 5°C
ngd10	Number of growing degree days	number of days	–	–	Number of days at which tas > 10°C
kg0	Köppen-Geiger climate classification	category	–	–	Köppen Geiger Koeppen, W., Geiger, R. (1936): Handbuch der Klimatologie. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin. Wikimedia.
kg1	Köppen-Geiger climate classification	category	–	–	Köppen Geiger without As/Aw differentiation Koeppen, W., Geiger, R. (1936): Handbuch der Klimatologie. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin. Wikimedia.
kg2	Köppen-Geiger climate classification	category	–	–	Köppen Geiger after Peel et al. 2007 Peel, M. C., Finlayson, B. L., McMahon, T. A. (2007): Updated world map of the Koeppen-Geiger climate classification. Hydrology and earth system sciences discussions, 4(2), 439-473. Free Access.
kg3	Köppen-Geiger climate classification	category	–	–	Wissmann 1939 Wissmann, H. (1939): Die Klima-und Vegetationsgebiete Eurasiens: Begleitworte zu einer Karte der Klimagebiete Eurasiens. Z. Ges. Erdk. Berlin, p.81-92.
kg4	Köppen-Geiger climate classification	category	–	–	Thornthwaite 1931 Thornthwaite, C. W. (1931): The climates of North America: according to a new classification. Geographical review, 21(4), 633-655. JSTOR.
kg5	Köppen-Geiger climate classification	category	–	–	Troll-Pfaffen Troll, C. & Paffen, K.H. (1964): Karte der Jahreszeitenklimate der Erde. Erdkunde 18, p5-28 Free Access.
scd	Snow cover days	count	–	–	Number of days with snowcover calculated using the snowpack model implementation in from TREELIM (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00035-014-0124-0)
swe	Snow water equivalent	kg m-2	0.1	0	Amount of luquid water if snow is melted
npp	Net primary productivity	g C m−2 yr−1	0.1	0	Calculated based on the ‘Miami model’, Lieth, H., 1972. “Modelling the primary productivity of the earth. Nature and resources”, UNESCO, VIII, 2:5-10.
pr	precipitation amount	kg m-2	0.1	0	“Amount” means mass per unit area. “Precipitation” in the earth’s atmosphere means precipitation of water in all phases.
tasmax	mean daily maximum 2m air temperature	°C	0.1	-273.15	daily maximum air temperatures at 2 metres from hourly ERA5 data
tas	mean daily air temperature	°C	0.1	-273.15	daily mean air temperatures at 2 metres from hourly ERA5 data
tasmin	mean daily minimum air temperature	°C	0.1	-273.15	daily minimum air temperatures at 2 metres from hourly ERA5 data

参考文献

1. https://chelsa-climate.org/
2. https://envicloud.wsl.ch/#/?prefix=chelsa%2Fchelsa_V2%2FGLOBAL%2F
3. 【工具分享】如何快速下载网络资源 (opens new window)

作者信息